1/29/2024 0 Comments Egyptian rulers![]() After five years in power, Akhenaten declared Aten to be a variant of the supreme deity, Amun. Once solid, the rod is removed and the core scraped away.Īkhenaten – Attempted A Radical Change In Religion The Wilbour Plaque, Relief depicting Akhenaten and Nefertiti, Brooklyn Museumīorn Amenhotep IV, Akhenaten changed his name during his time as Pharaoh to reflect his change in Egyptian religion. This technique uses a solid core with a rod support to allow the formation of molten glass around it. Even glass-making made significant progress in the introduction of core formation. Tombs built under his reign were the first to be completely painted instead of only painting the relief carvings. He was the first to so completely embrace pillars in his designs and oversaw the building of the first basilica style structure. Certain artistic trends started under Hatshepsut were only accelerated under Thutmose. He commissioned over fifty temples and countless tombs for nobles. Thutmose also continued his family’s tradition of extensive building projects. Interior Tomb of Thutmose III – note the fully painted chamber, walls and ceiling His conquests included much of Nubia, Canaan, and Syria, and under his reign Egypt reached her greatest territorial limits. He launched a minimum of sixteen campaigns over the course of twenty years, capturing around 350 cities. Thutmose had been the head of the Egyptian army under the reign of Hatshepsut, and grew into a skilled general. He reigned for almost 54 years from approximately 1479-1425 B.C., and excelled at military expansion. However, late in his reign either he or his son worked to obscure much of her history. Thutmose succeeded Hatshepsut, his step-mother, and continued her successful legacy. Thutmose III – The “Napoleon Of Egypt” Statue of Thutmose III, Met Museum Hatshepsut – A Powerful Female Pharaoh Statue of Hatshepsut, Met Museum It insists that Nectanebo fled to the Macedonian court, there seducing the king’s wife, Olympias, and fathering Alexander the Great himself. A more fanciful account comes from the Alexander Romance. He presumably remained in sanctuary there for the remainder of his life. Nectanebo escaped, but fled south to Nubia. The Persians defeated the Egyptian forces at the Battle of Pelusium and installed a Persian satrap to govern from Memphis. At the same time, several Greek cities agreed to send soldiers in support of the Persian campaign. Relief from Nectanebo’s restoration of the temple of Isis at Behbeit El Hagar, Met MuseumĪfter successfully defending his throne for several years, one of his mercenary commanders, Mentor of Rhodes, defected and joined the Persian advance in 345 B.C. Yet Nectanebo was up against the impossible task of defending against the vast might of the Persian Empire, determined to take control of Egypt. Though much of the art and architecture remained traditional, Nectabebo also continued the trend of growing realism in artwork that had begun in the 26 th dynasty. He oversaw numerous construction and restoration projects with a particular focus on temples. Despite losing control of Egypt, Nectabebo II began his rule as a successful Pharaoh. Nectanebo II, last Egyptian king of the 30 th dynasty, bears the unfortunate distinction of being the Pharaoh that saw his nation fall to foreign rule. Nectanebo being sheltered at the feet of Horus, Met Museum A cartouche is an oblong frame designed to enclose the name of a ruler.Nectanebo II – The Last Native Ruler Of Egypt We know this is Seti because his name appears on the back of the sculpture in a cartouche. Setis muscular shoulders and strong gaze suggests that he not only maintained order, but also provided strong leadership for the people. Since Egyptian rulers belonged to the realm of the gods, they were represented as eternally strong and youthful. The beard connects Seti I to Osiris, the god of the underworld who reigns for all time. Seti is depicted as strong and forceful, wearing the rulers nemes headdress and false beard. This carving of Seti I shows the great ruler who restored order to the kingdom and returned Egyptian art and architecture to the powerful style of past dynasties. Egypt was usually ruled by a man, although a few women did rule in their own right. This word comes from "per-ao" or "great house." The title shows respect for the king by referring to him as the palace where government decisions were made. They were gods chosen to lead the people and maintain order, and provided an important link between the Egyptian people and their gods. Pharaohs were looked upon as more than rulers. The ruler of ancient Egypt was called pharaoh.
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